Hirtshals

Hirtshals, dansk stad, hamn och f.d. bemannad fyrplats på NNV delen av Jylland, Skagerack. Fyrplatsen bemannad 1862-1973.

Fyrplatsen ligger något V om staden Hirtshals på en 22 m hög klint. I norr ligger Tannisbukten. I söder fyren Rubjerg Knude. 

Hirtshals fyrplats. I bakgrunden skymtar hamnen. Foto Esbjörn Hillberg.

Hirtshals lins med natriumlampa som ljuskälla. Den övre exponeringen visar "normalt" ljus. Den undre visar "förstärkt" ljus. Tillsammans ger de fyrkaraktären Fixed and flashing (FFl) = fast sken med blänk. Foto Jan Hopfinger 2021.

Hirtshals fyrplats vid den höga klinten. Arkiv www.goista.com

Hirtshals fyrplats, samhälle och hamn. Arkiv www.driverhuset.dk

Lins och brännare med glödstrumpa, tillverkad av Pintsch till Hirtshals fyr.

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Fyrplatsen

WGS-84 Lat. N. 57° 36’. Long. O. 09° 58’.

Hirtshals. Foto Ann-Louise Gustavsson 2022.

Fyr och mistsignal

1860 den 28 juli började fyr och fyrplats att uppföras.

1863 var fyrplatsen klar. Det bestod av två envånings boningshus, uthus och maskinhus. Alla i betong och huggen granit. Vitmålade på svart fundament. Täckta "korridorer" förbinder byggnaderna. Det runda tornet var ritat av N.S. Nebelong som arkitekt. Det uppfördes under ledning av C.F. Grove.

• Tornet var av klinker från Holland och står på en sockel av granit.
• Tornets höjd från grund: 35 meter.
• Fyrljusets höjd över vattenytan: 57 meter.
• Fyrkaraktär: Vitt fast sken med en kraftig blänk var 30:e sekund.
• Dioptrisk trumlins med utanför denna omgående planlins.
• 144 trappsteg till fyrbalkongen.

1863 den 1 januari tändes fyren första gången.

• En mynningsladdad kanon användes som mistsignal.
• Från början var tornet grått men kalkades efter några år ockergult.
• Flera år senare målades fyren vit, som den kan ses idag.

Ljus från Pintsch

1914 byttes oljelampan mot en med glödstrumpa modell Pintsch, motsvarande Lux-ljus.

• Ett maskinhus uppfördes för mistsignalen.

1939 elektrifierades fyren.

Andra världskriget

Under den tyska ockupationen under andra världskriget förvandlades området runt fyren till "det 10:e batteriet - stödjepunkt Hirtshals", som var en av nyckelpelarna i den tyska Atlantvallen. Tyskarna byggde en omfattande anläggning med bunkrar och kanoner.

Bunkrarna finns bevarade och kan idag beskådas av turister. Idag museum. Arkiv www.skipperposten.dk

Radiofyr

1968 hade fyrplatsen cirkulär radiofyr.

• Frekvens: 305,7 kHz. Räckvidd: 50 M. Igenkänningssignal: LS.
• Ingick i kedjan Oksöy (norsk), Skagens Rev (danskt fyrskepp), Hirtshals (dansk), Hållö, Torungen (norsk), Ferder (norsk).

1968 fanns på fyrplatsen en lokal radiofyr.

• Frekvens 406 kHz. Räckvidd 10 M. Igenkänningssignal: IR.
• Sändningstider: tjocka - kontinuerligt. Klart väder - kontinuerligt

Nuvarande karaktär: FFl W 30s 20/25 M. Lyshöjd: 57 m.

Jfr Skagerack, danskt fyrväsende, Skagen, Hanstholm, Rubjerg Knude, radiofyr