Gråhara

Gråhara (Harmaja), finsk f.d. bemannad fyrplats i inseglingen till Helsingfors, Finska viken. Bemannad 1883-1956.

Båken / fyren bildar en enslinje med Sveaborgs kyrka för insegling till Helsingfors. 
Redan på 1500-talet torde det ha funnits ett sjömärke i trä på Gråhara, som är en flack, mindre ö utanför Helsingfors. På 1600-talet fanns där ett stenkummel. På 1700-talet byggdes där en båk i trä. 

Gråhara efter 1900. Arkiv Finska Sjöfartsverket.

Gråhara. Foto Esbjörn Hillberg.

Gråhara. Arkiv Finska Sjöfartsverket 1896.

Gråhara höjs. Arkiv Finska Sjöfartsverket omkr 1900.

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Området

Under det rysk- svenska kriget 1808-1809 flyttade ryssarna båken för att förleda svenskarna.

1835 bestämde tsar Nikolajev I att en fyr skulle byggas på Gråhara. Byggandet av fyren skulle dock komma att dröja.

1839 förstördes båken i en storm men byggdes åter upp.

1854 under Krimkriget förstördes båken av engelsmännen.

1856 byggdes båken åter upp och målades röd.

Den på Sveaborg 1854 uppförda garnisonskyrkan kom att bilda en trygg enslinje för de sjöfarande förbi de farliga grunden.

Gråhara blev lotsstation.

Fyrplatsen

Bemannad 1883-1956

WGS-84 Lat 60° 06’,3. Long O 24° 58’,7.

1883 anlades fyrplatsen. Fyren transporterades från Ludvigsbergs Mekaniska Verkstad i Stockholm i delar till sin plats som var den där båken stått.

Av järndelarna monterades det 7,3 m höga tornet ihop och kröntes med en lanternin.

Fyren tändes första gången den 20 december. Redan från början insåg man att lyshöjden var för låg. Det kom dock att dröja innan man gjorde något åt detta.

Mistsignal

1897 erhöll fyrplatsen mistsignal. Den bestod av en mistklocka driven med mekaniskt slagverk och placerades bredvid lanterninen. Den slog två slag var 15:e sekund.

Tornet höjdes

1900 höjdes fyren. Med hjälp av ställningar och taljor lyftes tornet. Under detta murade man i huggen sten och tegel ett 7 m högt fundament, som tornet placerades på.

1936 erhöll fyrplatsen världens första cirkulära och riktade radiofyr.

Avbemanning

1956 renoverades lanterninen. Fyren automatiserades. Fyrplatsen avbemannades.

1968 var fyrplatsen utrustad med cirkulär radiofyr.

Finska viken

Klicka här för att se fyrarna i Finska viken.

Jfr Finska viken, finskt fyrväsende